Install¶
Getting Started with MariaDB Galera Cluster： https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/getting-started-with-mariadb-galera-cluster/
Installing MariaDB Galera Cluster with YUM ： https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/yum/#installing-mariadb-galera-cluster-with-yum
Installing MariaDB Galera Cluster with apt-get： https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/installing-mariadb-deb-files/#installing-mariadb-galera-cluster-with-apt-get
这里我们选择了centos的yum配置， 我们要安装的是mariadb galera cluster
本次安装配置的环境是两台服务器，db1 和db2，组成集群。
配置yum¶
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.0/centos7-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
这里我们安装的版本是10，目前也不能用更高的版本，官方如此解释： Galera Cluster is included in the default MariaDB packages from 10.1, so the instructions in this section are only required for MariaDB 10.0 and MariaDB 5.5.
安装mariadb¶
sudo yum install MariaDB-Galera-server MariaDB-client galera
编辑mariadb配置文件¶
这里wsrep_cluster_address这一栏是写的数据库集群内的所有服务器地址
[root@db1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[root@db1 ~]# grep -vE "^#|^$" /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[server]
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
max_connect_errors=1000
[galera]
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://192.168.1.54,192.168.1.55"
binlog_format=row
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
bind-address=0.0.0.0
wsrep_cluster_name="galera_cluster"
[embedded]
[mariadb]
[mariadb-10.0]
启动数据库¶
# /etc/init.d/mysql start --wsrep-new-cluster #集群的第一个节点启动时需要加--wsrep-new-cluster 参数，其他节点接下来启动时不需要加。
另一台服务器做好安装和配置¶
安装rpm包和配置的命令和上面的一样，这里就省略了，然后启动
第二台服务器启动的命令和第一台不一样,第二台直接执行systemctl start mysql
[root@db2 ~]# systemctl start mysql
[root@db2 ~]# systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - LSB: start and stop MariaDB
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-09-03 15:57:11 CST; 11s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 1450 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
├─1455 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/db2.shenmin.com.pid
└─1611 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/lib...
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1675]: receiving file list
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1674]: sent 35 bytes received 84 bytes total size 0
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1679]: name lookup failed for 192.168.1.54: Name or service not known
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1679]: connect from UNKNOWN (192.168.1.54)
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1673]: sent 1688 bytes received 995502 bytes total size 990599
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1679]: rsync to rsync_sst/ from UNKNOWN (192.168.1.54)
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1679]: receiving file list
Sep 03 15:57:02 db2.shenmin.com rsyncd[1679]: sent 54 bytes received 176 bytes total size 39
Sep 03 15:57:11 db2.shenmin.com mysql[1450]: ..SST in progress, setting sleep higher. SUCCESS!
Sep 03 15:57:11 db2.shenmin.com systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MariaDB.
[root@db2 ~]#
后续重启也用systemctl restart mysql。
这个时候集群就起来了。
重启第一台数据库服务¶
这个时候第一台启动的数据库服务还不是用systemctl 来管理的，所以我们改变下启动方式，让它来管理。 一开始没用systemctl ,是因为它不方便使用那个参数。
下面的内容中，我们有多次查询确认操作，不执行也可以，主要的变更命令就是/etc/init.d/mysql stop;systemctl start mysql
[root@db1 ~]# systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - LSB: start and stop MariaDB
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since Mon 2018-09-03 15:50:09 CST; 9min ago
Docs: man
:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 28588 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 28458 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Sep 03 15:48:56 db1.shenmin.com systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MariaDB...
Sep 03 15:48:56 db1.shenmin.com mysql[28458]: Starting MariaDB SUCCESS!
Sep 03 15:48:56 db1.shenmin.com systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MariaDB.
Sep 03 15:48:56 db1.shenmin.com mysql[28458]: 180903 15:48:56 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/db1.shenmin.com.err'.
Sep 03 15:48:56 db1.shenmin.com mysql[28458]: 180903 15:48:56 mysqld_safe A mysqld process already exists
Sep 03 15:50:09 db1.shenmin.com systemd[1]: Stopping LSB: start and stop MariaDB...
Sep 03 15:50:09 db1.shenmin.com mysql[28588]: ERROR! MariaDB server PID file could not be found!
Sep 03 15:50:09 db1.shenmin.com systemd[1]: Stopped LSB: start and stop MariaDB.
[root@db1 ~]#
[root@db1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
Shutting down MariaDB........... SUCCESS!
[root@db1 ~]#
[root@db1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql status
ERROR! MariaDB is not running
[root@db1 ~]#
[root@db1 ~]# systemctl start mysql
[root@db1 ~]#
[root@db1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql status
SUCCESS! MariaDB running (29077)
[root@db1 ~]#
[root@db1 ~]# systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - LSB: start and stop MariaDB
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-09-03 15:59:55 CST; 11s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 28588 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 28916 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
├─28921 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/db1.shenmin.com.pid
└─29077 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/li...
Sep 03 15:59:50 db1.shenmin.com systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MariaDB...
Sep 03 15:59:50 db1.shenmin.com mysql[28916]: Starting MariaDB.180903 15:59:50 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/db1.shenmin.com.err'.
Sep 03 15:59:50 db1.shenmin.com mysql[28916]: 180903 15:59:50 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
Sep 03 15:59:55 db1.shenmin.com mysql[28916]: .. SUCCESS!
Sep 03 15:59:55 db1.shenmin.com systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MariaDB.
如果开启了selinux，你可能需要执行下面这些命令¶
没有开启selinux，则忽略这些操作。
setsebool -P nis_enabled 1
ausearch -c 'my-rsyn' --raw | audit2allow -M my-rsyn
semodule -i my-rsync.pp
ausearch -c 'my-httpd' --raw | audit2allow -M my-httpd
semodule -i my-httpd.pp
ausearch -c 'wsrep_sst_rsync' --raw | audit2allow -M my-wsrepsstrsync
semodule -i my-wsrepsstrsync.pp
ausearch -c 'which' --raw | audit2allow -M my-which
semodule -i my-which.pp
ausearch -c 'mysqladmin' --raw | audit2allow -M my-mysqladmin
semodule -i my-mysqladmin.pp
ausearch -c 'mysqld' --raw | audit2allow -M my-mysqld
semodule -i my-mysqld.pp
ausearch -c 'audispd' --raw | audit2allow -M my-audispd
semodule -i my-audispd.pp
ausearch -c 'mysql' --raw | audit2allow -M my-mysql
semodule -i my-mysql.pp
创建数据库和用户，验证数据同步¶
db1上创建数据库，然后添加一个用户。
[root@db1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 10.0.36-MariaDB-wsrep MariaDB Server, wsrep_25.23.rc3fc46e
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> create database sophiroth;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on sophiroth.* to 'alvin'@'%' identified by 'sophiroth';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
db2上使用刚才在db1上创建的用户登录，查看数据库
[root@db2 ~]# mysql -ualvin -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 16
Server version: 10.0.36-MariaDB-wsrep MariaDB Server, wsrep_25.23.rc3fc46e
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| sophiroth |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从结果上看，可以判断db1和db2两边的数据是同步的。