反向代理

最简单的反代

效果：将http://u1.shenmin.com 转到http://u1.shenmin.com:5000

server {
    charset utf-8;
    listen       80;
    server_name  u1.shenmin.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://u1.shenmin.com:5000;
    }
}

各类参数解释

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https; #转发到后端时，使用的协议。 （比如前段是https，后端实际上是http，如果这个时候加了这个参数，那么转发到后端时也会变成https，所以这个参数不要随便加。

将80转到443示例

反向代理的内容，参考如下内容。

server {
    charset utf-8;
    listen       80;
    server_name  alv.pub t.alv.pub sophiroth.com;

    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
    rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;


}
server {
    charset utf-8;
    listen       443 ssl;
    server_name  alv.pub t.alv.pub sophiroth.com;

    #proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
    ssl_certificate      conf.d/alv.pub.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key  conf.d/alv.pub.key;

    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;


    location ^~ /favicon.ico {
        root /home/alvin/ophira/static/img/;
    }
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://172.17.0.1:8001/;
    }
    location ^~ /zabbix/{
        proxy_pass http://172.17.0.1:801/zabbix/;
    }
     location ^~ /optimize/{
        proxy_pass https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AlvinWanCN/poppy/master/code/common_tools/optimize_system.py;
    }
    location ^~ /open/api/weather/ {
        proxy_pass https://www.sojson.com/open/api/weather/;
    }
}

nginx https转到iis http示例

这里注意:

  1. 要加编码格式， charset gb2312; 否则中文会显示乱码。
  2. 反代的地址，域名只是用于解析到IP，也就是说反代访问的地址是下面的域名Inferface.shenmintech.com 解析到的ip的1080端口，而不会找这个域名对于的虚拟主机。
server {
    charset utf-8;
    listen       80;
    server_name  interface.shenmintech.com;

    #access_log  off;
    access_log  /data2/nginx_log/vhost_interface/access.log;
    error_log  /data2/nginx_log/vhost_interface/error.log;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://interface.shen.cn:1080/;
        charset gb2312;
    }
}

server {
    charset utf-8;
    listen       443 ssl;
    server_name  interface.shenmintech.com;
    access_log  /data2/nginx_log/vhost_interface_ssl/access.log;
    error_log  /data2/nginx_log/vhost_interface_ssl/error.log;

    ssl_certificate      /etc/nginx/vhost_interface/interface.shencom.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key  /etc/nginx/vhost_interface/interface.shen.com.key;

    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://interface.shen.cn:1080/;
        charset gb2312;
    }

}

nginx为tomcat反代携带真实IP 示例

加了下面的黄色底纹部分之后，可以将客户端IP传到tomcat日志里面。

alvin@test4:/opt/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/logs$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/alvin.conf
        location /
        {
                proxy_pass http://192.168.1.214:8080;
                proxy_set_header Host $host;
                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
#               proxy_set_header Via "nginx";
        }


vim /opt/apache-tomcat-7.0.55/conf/server.xml
             Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%{X-Real-IP}i %h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

最终效果如下，前面197是真实的客户端IP，而那个214是nginx的IP

../../../_images/nginx1.png