fdisk¶
fdisk是下的一个磁盘分区工具
当前我们有一块磁盘sdb,我们来通过fdisk来对sdb进行分区。
创建一个20G的分区。¶
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 | [alvin@poppy ~]$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3 8:3 0 18.5G 0 part
└─vg_root-lv_root 253:0 0 18.5G 0 lvm /
sdb 8:16 0 300G 0 disk
[alvin@poppy ~]$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xba6f9a48.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xba6f9a48
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-629145599, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-629145599, default 629145599): +20G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 322.1 GB, 322122547200 bytes, 629145600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xba6f9a48
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 41945087 20971520 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[alvin@poppy ~]$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 1G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3 8:3 0 18.5G 0 part
└─vg_root-lv_root 253:0 0 18.5G 0 lvm /
sdb 8:16 0 300G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 20G 0 part
|
格式化分区¶
创建分区之后，需要格式化分区才能使用。
这里我们将分区格式化为ext4格式。
[alvin@poppy ~]$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5242880 blocks
262144 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2153775104
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
挂载使用分区¶
这里我们将刚分的去挂载到/data/目录。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | [alvin@poppy ~]$ sudo mkdir -p /data/
[alvin@poppy ~]$
[alvin@poppy ~]$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root 19G 1.4G 18G 8% /
devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev
tmpfs 912M 12K 912M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 912M 8.6M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 477M 115M 333M 26% /boot
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/10001
dc.alv.pub:/ldapUserData/alvin 983G 595G 346G 64% /sophiroth/alvin
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
[alvin@poppy ~]$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /data
[alvin@poppy ~]$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root 19G 1.4G 18G 8% /
devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev
tmpfs 912M 12K 912M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 912M 8.6M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 477M 115M 333M 26% /boot
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/10001
dc.alv.pub:/ldapUserData/alvin 983G 595G 346G 64% /sophiroth/alvin
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 20G 45M 19G 1% /data
|
设置磁盘自动挂载¶
[alvin@poppy ~]$ cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Aug 10 17:14:42 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=b231e29f-06b8-4840-952f-0f7464e626bd /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=1f2b5236-60c0-4402-a262-08fb7ac91502 swap swap defaults 0 0
[alvin@poppy ~]$ sudo bash -c "echo '/dev/sdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab "
[alvin@poppy ~]$ cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Aug 10 17:14:42 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=b231e29f-06b8-4840-952f-0f7464e626bd /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=1f2b5236-60c0-4402-a262-08fb7ac91502 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /data ext4 defaults 0 0
[alvin@poppy ~]$ sudo umount /data
[alvin@poppy ~]$ sudo mount -a
[alvin@poppy ~]$ df -h /data
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1 20G 45M 19G 1% /data