6. 搭建同步官方的yum源服务器

Alvin是搭建在自己的一台虚拟机里，那台虚拟机主机名是dc.alv.pub，也可以dns可以解析的域名。

6.1. 准备篇：

6.1.1. 安装http服务器

这里使用Nginx服务器提供http服务

关于Nginx服务器搭建，参考：CentOS安装配置LNMP服务器（Nginx+PHP+MySQL）

http://www.osyunwei.com/archives/5910.html

6.1.2. 系统约定

Nginx站点根目录:/www/share

服务器执行脚本文件存放目录:/home/crontab

三、开始Nginx目录浏览功能

#编辑nginx配置文件，添加以下内容：

autoindex on; #开启nginx目录浏览功能

autoindex_exact_size off; #文件大小从KB开始显示

autoindex_localtime on; #显示文件修改时间为服务器本地时间

service nginx reload #重新加载配置

6.2. 安装篇：

6.2.1. 安装环境

系统版本： centos7.4 Hostname: dc.alv.pub

6.2.2. 创建镜像文件存放目录

mkdir -p /www/share/centos #CentOS官方标准源

mkdir -p /www/share/repoforge #第三方rpmforge源

mkdir -p /www/share/epel #第三方epel源

说明：这里创建三个文件夹，分别存放CentOS官方标准源、第三方的rpmforge源和epel源

6.2.3. 确定以上三个yum源上游源的同步镜像地址

1、CentOS官方标准源：rsync://rsync.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/

2、rpmforge源：rsync://rsync.mirrors.ispros.com.bd/repoforge/

3、epel源：rsync://rsync.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/

备注：上游yum源必须要支持rsync协议，否则不能使用rsync进行同步。

参考：

CentOS官方标准源：

rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/centos

rpmforge源：

http://apt.sw.be/

rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag

epel源：

http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/publiclist/EPEL/

rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel

6.2.4. 创建以上三个yum源同步脚本，并且设定脚本自动执行

mkdir -p /home/crontab #创建目录

vi /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #添加以下代码

#!/bin/sh

/usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://rsync.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/ --exclude-from=/www/share/exclude_centos.list /www/share/centos/

/usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag/ --exclude-from=/www/share/exclude_repoforge.list /www/share/repoforge/

/usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://rsync.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/ --exclude-from=/www/share/exclude_epel.list /www/share/epel/

:wq! #保存退出

chmod +x /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #添加脚本执行权限
  • 查看目录列表
rsync --list-only  rsync://rsync.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/

备注：运行此脚本前，先要创建好同步目录及不需要同步的目录列表文件

cd /www/share/  #进入目录

touch exclude_centos.list   #创建文件

touch exclude_repoforge.list   #创建文件

touch exclude_epel.list   #创建文件

把不需要同步的目录写到上面对应的文件中，每行一个目录

例如：

echo '
4/
4AS/
4ES/
4WS/
'>exclude_epel.list

echo'
/centos/7.5.1804/isos/
/centos/7/isos/
/centos/6/isos/
/centos/6.9/isos/
'>exclude_centos.list

6.2.5. 添加脚本定时执行任务

# vi /etc/crontab  #在最后一行添加以下代码
0 1 * * * root /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #设置每天凌晨1点整开始执行脚本
# service crond restart #重启

6.3. 测试篇：

6.3.1. 安装rsync同步软件

yum install rsync xinetd #安装

vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsync #编辑配置文件，设置开机启动rsync

disable = no #修改为

/etc/init.d/xinetd start #启动（CentOS中是以xinetd 来管理Rsync服务的）

:wq! #保存退出

6.3.2. 执行同步脚本

sh /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh

注意：等待脚本执行完毕，首次同步，耗费的时间比较长！

6.3.3. 根据不同版本创建三个yum源的repo配置文件

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #进入目录

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo-bak

6.3.3.1. 1、CentOS官方标准源：

6.3.3.1.1. CentOS 5.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
:wq! #保存退出
6.3.3.1.2. CentOS 6.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
:wq! #保存退出
6.3.3.1.3. CentOS 7.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

或者参考：https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/centos

把里面的http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/替换为http://dc.alv.pub/, 因为我们这台服务器的主机名和域名是dc.alv.pub

6.3.3.2. 2、rpmforge源：

6.3.3.2.1. CentOS 5.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码
[rpmforge]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1
[rpmforge-extras]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/extras
enabled = 0
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1
[rpmforge-testing]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/testing
enabled = 0
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1
:wq! #保存退出
6.3.3.2.2. CentOS 6.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码
[rpmforge]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1
[rpmforge-extras]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/extras
enabled = 0
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1
[rpmforge-testing]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/testing
enabled = 0
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1
:wq! #保存退出
6.3.3.2.3. CentOS 7.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码

[rpmforge]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el7/en/$basearch/rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-extras]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el7/en/$basearch/extras
enabled = 0
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-testing]
name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing
baseurl = http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/redhat/el7/en/$basearch/testing
enabled = 0
protect = 0
gpgkey=http://dc.alv.pub/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge
gpgcheck = 1

6.3.3.3. 3、epel源：

6.3.3.3.1. CentOS 5.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/5/$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-5
[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/5/$basearch/debug
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-5
gpgcheck=1
[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/5/SRPMS
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-5
gpgcheck=1
:wq! #保存退出
6.3.3.3.2. CentOS 6.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/6/$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/6/$basearch/debug
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
gpgcheck=1
[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/6/SRPMS
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
gpgcheck=1
:wq! #保存退出
6.3.3.3.3. CentOS 7.x系列：
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/beta/7/$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/beta/7/$basearch/debug
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=http://dc.alv.pub/epel/beta/7/SRPMS
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey =http://dc.alv.pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
:wq! #保存退出

6.3.4. 测试yum源是否配置正确

我们当前系统是centos7.4，所以按照上面描述的7的yum repo配置去编写repo文件，然后开始以下操作。

yum clean all #清除当前yum缓存
yum makecache #缓存yum源中的软件包信息
yum repolist #列出yum源中可用的软件包

2、使用yum命令安装软件

yum install php #测试CentOS官方标准源
yum install htop #测试rpmforge源
yum install nginx #测试epel源

至此，搭建CentOS在线yum源镜像服务器完成！