apt-get¶
apt-get 是ubuntu系统下安装软件的命令。
source.list解析¶
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
这句话到底怎么解释，对应着服务器上的什么目录呢？ 对应的是：
http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main
http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted
也就是说，解析规则是这样的 ：
uri + “dists” + 版本信息 + 若干个分类
查看/设置软件源¶
这里我们是一台阿里云的服务器，使用的是阿里云的内网软件源。
root@alvin:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64,ppc64el,i386] http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu xenial main
# deb-src [arch=amd64,ppc64el,i386] http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu xenial main
# deb-src [arch=i386,ppc64el,amd64] http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
非阿里云内网，则可以使用阿里云的外网的镜像服务
root@alvin:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb [arch=amd64,ppc64el,i386] http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu xenial main
# deb-src [arch=amd64,ppc64el,i386] http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu xenial main
# deb-src [arch=i386,ppc64el,amd64] http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
更新软件源¶
apt-get update